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You are here: Home / Sambucol and Sambucus / Sambucol Clinical References 

Sambucol Clinical References 

(Alternative Medicine Review, March 2005)

(1.) Lust J. The Herb Book. Reading, PA: Cox and Wyman Ltd.; 1974:174.

(2.) Duke JA. Handbook of Medicinal Herbs. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press; 1985:423.

(3.) Wu X, Cao G, Prior RL. Absorption and metabolism of anthocyanins in elderly women after consumption of elderberry or blueberry. J Nutr 2002; 132:1865-1871.

(4.) Mach L, Scherf W, Ammann M, et al. Purification and partial characterization of a novel lectin from elder (Sambucus nigra L.) fruit. Biochem J 1991;278:667-671.

(5.) Jensen SR, Nielsen BJ. Cyanogenic glucosides in Sambucus nigra L. Acta Chem Scand 1973;27:2661-2662.

(6.) Buhrmester RA, Ebingerla JE, Seigler DS. Sambunigrin and cyanogenic variability in populations of Sambucus canadensis L. (Caprifoliaceae). Biochem Syst Ecol 2000;28:689-695.

(7.) Mulleder U, Murkovic M, Pfannhauser W. Urinary excretion of cyanidin glycosides. J Biochem Biophys Methods 2002;53:61-66.

(8.) Bitsch I, Janssen M, Netzel M, et al. Bioavailability of anthocyanidin-3-glycosides following consumption of elderberry extract and blackcurrant juice. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther 2004;42:293-300.

(9.) Cao G, Prior RL. Anthocyanins are detected in human plasma after oral administration of an elderberry extract. Clin Chem 1999;45:574-576.

(10.) Milbury PE, Cao G, Prior RL, Blumberg J. Bioavailability of elderberry anthocyanins. Mech Aging Dev 2002;123:997-1006.

(11.) Personal communication with Madeleine Mumcuoglu, MD; January 25, 2005.

(12.) Zakay-Rones Z, Varsano N, Zlotnik M, et al. Inhibition of several strains of influenza virus in vitro and reduction of symptoms by an elderberry extract (Sambucus nigra L.) during an outbreak of influenza B Panama. J Altern Complement Med 1995;1:361-369.

(13.) Zakay-Rones Z, Thorn E, Wollan T, Wadstein J. Randomized study of the efficacy and safety of oral elderberry extract in the treatment of influenza A and B virus infections. J Int Med Res 2004;32:132-140.

(14.) Sahpira-Nahor O, Zakay-Rones Z, Mumcuoglu M. The effects of Sambucol[R] on HIV infection in vitro. Ann Israel Congress Microbiol February 6-7, 1995.

(15.) Morag AM, Mumcuoglu M, Baybikov T, et al. Inhibition of sensitive and acyclovir-resistant HSV-1 strains by an elderberry extract in vitro. Z Phytother 1997;25:97-98.

(16.) Janeway CA Jr, Travers P. Walport M, Shlomchik MJ. Immuno Biology 5. The Immune System in Health and Disease. New York, NY: Garland Publishing; 2001: 12-13.

(17.) Barak V, Halperin T, Kalickman I. The effect of Sambucol[R], a black elderberry-based, natural product, on the production of human cytokines: I. Inflammatory cytokines. Eur Cytokine Netw 2001;12:290-296.

(18.) Barak V, Birkenfeld S, Halperin T, Kalickman I. The effect of herbal remedies on the production of human inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Isr Med Assoc J 2002;4:S919-S922.

(19.) Abuja PM, Murkovic M, Pfannhauser W. Antioxidant and prooxidant activities of elderberry (Sambucus nigra) extract in low-density lipoprotein oxidation. J Agric Food Chem 1998;46:4091-4096.

(20.) Kehrer JP. Free radicals as mediators of tissue injury and disease. Crit Rev Toxicol 1993;23:21-48.

(21.) Youdim KA, Martin A, Joseph JA. Incorporation of the elderberry anthocyanins by endothelial cells increases protection against oxidative stress. Free Radic Biol Med 2000;29:51-60.

(22.) Serkedjieva J, Manolova N, Zgorniak-Wowosielska I, et al. Antiviral activity of the infusion (SHS-174) from flowers of Sambucus nigra L., aerial parts of Hypericum perforatum L., and roots of Saponaria officinalis L. against influenza and herpes simplex viruses. Phytother Res 1990;4:97-100.

(23.) No authors listed. Anecdotal reports: elderberry extract plus chondroitin and glucosamine sulfate and Thy-mate reduces viral load to non-detectable levels in 10 days. Posit Health News 1998;17:7-11.

(24.) Murkovic M, Abuja PM, Bergmann AR, et al. Effects of elderberry juice on fasting and postprandial serum lipids and low-density lipoprotein oxidation in healthy volunteers: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Eur J Clin Nutr 2004;58:244-249.

(25.) Atkinson M. Herbs for Your Health. New York, NY: Dalesman Books; 1979.

(26.) Gray AM, Abdel-Wahab YH, Flatt PR. The traditional plant treatment, Sambucus nigra (elder), exhibits insulin-like and insulin-releasing actions in vitro. J Nutr 2000;130:15-20.

(27.) Hardin JW, Arena JM, eds. Human Poisoning from Native and Cultivated Plants. 2nd ed. Durham, NC: Duke University Press; 1974.

(28.) Forster-Waldl E, Marchetti M, Scholl I, et al. Type 1 allergy to elderberry (Sambucus nigra) is elicited by a 33.2 kDa allergen with significant homology to ribosomal inactivating proteins. Clin Exp Allergy 2003;33:1703-1710.

 

 

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