Clinical Studies

Serrapeptase

 1. Esch PM, Gerngross H, Fabian A. Reduction of postoperative swelling. Objective measurement of swelling of the upper ankle joint in treatment with serrapeptase– a prospective study (German). Fortschr Med. 1989 Feb 10;107(4):67-8, 71-2.

2. Mazzone A, Catalani M, Costanzo M, Drusian A, Mandoli A, Russo S, Guarini E, Vesperini G. Evaluation of Serratia peptidase in acute or chronic inflammation of otorhinolaryngology pathology: a multicentre, double-blind, randomized trial versus placebo.Institute of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology, University of Naples, Italy. J Int Med Res. 1990; 18(5):379-88.

3. Mazzone A. et al Evaluation of serratia peptidase in acute or chronic inflammation of otolaryngogo;y pathology: A multi-cetre, double-blind, randomized trial versus placebo. J Int Med Res 1990, 379-88

4. Esch PM, et al Reduction of postoperative swelling objective measurement of the upper ankle joint in treatment with serrapeptase ——- A prospective study (German) Fortschr Med. 1989; 107(4)67-8, 71-2

5. Panaguriya A., et al A preliminary trial of serrapeptase in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome. J Assoc Physician India; 47(12):170-172

6. Sandhya KV, Devi SG, Mathew ST. Quantitation of serrapeptase in formulations by UV method in the microplate format. Curr Drug Deliv. 2008;5(4):303-305.

7. Mazzone A, Catalani M, Costanzo M, et al. Evaluation of Serratia peptidase in acute or chronic inflammation of otorhinolaryngology pathology: A multicentre, doubleblind, randomized trial versus placebo. J Int Med Res. 1990;18:379-388.

8. Moriya N, Nakata M, Nakamura M, Takaoka M, Iwasa S, Kato K, Kakinuma A. Intestinal absorption of serrapeptase (TSP) in rats.

9. Tachibana M, Mizukoshi O, Harada Y, Kawamoto K, Nakai Y. A multi-centre, double-blind study of serrapeptase versus placebo in post-antrotomy buccal swelling. Pharmatherapeutica. 1984;3(8):526-30.

 

Nattokinsae

1. Fujita M., Nomura K., Hong K., Ito Y., Asada A. and Nishimuro S. Purification and Characterization of a Strong Fibrinolytic Enzyme (Nattokinase) in the Vegetable Cheese Natto, a Popular Soybean Fermented Food in Japan. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, Vol. 197, Issue 3, 30 December 1993, pp. 1340-1347.

2. H. Sumi, H. Hamada*, H. Tsushima, H. Mihara and H. Muraki* A novel fibrinolytic enzyme (nattokinase) in the vegetable cheese Natto; a typical and popular soybean food in the Japanese diet Experientia, Department of Physiology, Miyazaki Medical College, Miyazaki 889-16 (Japan), 1987, Oct 15; 43(10):1110-1.

3.  Milner M, Makise K. Natto and its Active Ingredient Nattokinase: a potent and safe thrombolytic agent. Alt Comp Therap. 2002;8(3):157-164.

4. Hiroyuki Sumia, Hiroki Hamadab, Koichiro Nakanishic, Hajime Hiratanic, Enhancement of the Fibrinolytic Activity in Plasma by Oral Administration of Nattokinases, Department of Physiology, Miyazaki Medical College, Miyazaki, Japan; Department of Biochemistry, Oklahoma State University, Okla., USA; Acta Haematol 1990; 84:139-143.

5. Sumi Hiroyuki, Sasaki Tomohiro, Yatagai Chieko, Kozaki Yasutaka Determination and Properties of the Fibrinolysis Accelerating Substance (FAS) in Japanese Fermented Soybean “Natto”. Kurashiki Univ. Sci. and the Arts, Coll. Sci. and Industrial Technol., JPN; Nippon Nogeikagaku Kaishi. 74 (11) 1259-1264 (2000).

6. Transport of Nattokinase across the Rat Intestinal Tract. Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin Vol.18 , No.9 (1995) pp. 1194-1196.

7. Ruei-Lin Hsu, Kung-Ta Lee, Jung-Hao Wang, Lily Y.-L. Lee1 and Rita P.-Y. Chen.Amyloid-Degrading Ability of Nattokinase from Bacillus subtilis Natto. J. Agric. Food Chem., 2009, 57 (2), pp 503–508.

8. Thrombolytic Effect of Nattokinase on a Chemically Induced Thrombosis Model in Rat.Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin Vol.18 , No.10 (1995) pp.1387-1391.

9. Dietary supplementation of fermented soybean, natto, suppresses intimal thickening and modulates the lysis of mural thrombi after endothelial injury in rat femoral artery. Life Sciences Volume 73, Issue 10, 25 July 2003, Pages 1289-1298.

10.  Meletis CD, Barker JE. Therapeutic enzymes: using the body’s helpers as healers. Alt Comp Ther. 2005;74-77.

11.  Fujita M, Hong K, Ito Y, et al. Thrombolytic effect of nattokinase on a chemically induced thrombosis model in rat. Biol Pharm Bull. 1995;18:1387-1391.

12.  Hamsten A, de Faire U, Walldius G, et al. Plasminogen activator inhibitor in plasma: risk factor for recurrent myocardial infarction.Lancet. 1987;2:3-9.

13.  Sumi H et al. Enhancement of the fibrinolytic activity in plasma by oral administration of Nattokinase. Acta Haematol 1990;84:139-143.

14.  Ghannoum, Mahmoud A. (edt); O’toole, George A. (edt), Ch.5,  Biofilm development in staphylococcus / Sarah E. Cramton, Friedrich Gotz, Washington, D.C. : ASM Press, c2004

 

Bromelain, Papain, Grapefruit Seed Extract

1.  Maurer HR. Bromelain: biochemistry, pharmacology and medical use. Cell Mol Life Sci.2001;58:1234-1245.

2.  Pirotta F, de Giuli-Morghen C. Bromelain: antiinflammatory and serum fibrinolytic activity after oral administration in the rat. Drugs Exp Clin Res. 1978;4:1-20.

3.  Ako H, Cheung AH, Matsuura PK. Isolation of a fibrinolysis enzyme activator from commercial bromelain. Arch Int Pharmacodyn Ther. 1981;254(1):157-167.

4.  Maurer HR, Eckert K, Grabowska E, Eschmann K. Use of bromelain proteases for inhibiting blood coagulation. Patent WO PCT/EP 98/04406. 2000.

5.  Smyth RD, Brennan R, Martin GJ. Systemic biochemical changes following the oral administration of a proteolytic enzyme, bromelain. Arch Int Pharmacodyn. 1962;136:230-236.

6.  Bromelain inhibits COX-2 expression by blocking the activation of Mapk regulated NF-kappa B against skin tumor=initiation triggering mitochondrial death pathway. Bhui D, Prasad S, George J, Shukla Y. Cancer Lett. 2009 Sep 18;282(2):167-76.

7.  Taussig SJ. The mechanism of the physiological action of bromelain. Med Hypotheses. 1980;6(1):99-104.

 

1.  Brorson, S.H. Grapefruit Seed Extract is a Powerful in vitro Agent Against Motile and Cystic Forms of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato. Infection, June 2007, Volume 35, Issue 3, pp 206-208

2.  Brorson, O, Grapefruit seed extract is a powerful in vitro agent against motile and cycstic forms of Borrilia burgdorferi sensu lato, Infection, June 2007; 35 (3): 206-8